UN Security Council resolution 1373 (2001)
UN Security Council resolution 1373 (2001) requires that all States prevent and suppress the financing of terrorist acts and refrain from providing any form of support, active or passive, to individuals, groups, undertakings or entities involved in such acts, and other resolutions that emphasize the need for Member States to continue exercising vigilance over relevant financial transactions and improve information-sharing capabilities and practices, in line with applicable international law, within and between governments through relevant authorities.
UN Security Council resolution 1483 (2003)
UN Security Council resolution 1483 (2003) developed because of a situation between Iraq and Kuwait. It emphasised the belief that the United Nations “should play a vital role in humanitarian relief, the reconstruction of Iraq, and the restoration and establishment of national and local institutions for representative governance”. The Resolution emphasised that Member States should facilitate the return of Iraqi cultural property to Iraq, and of other items of archaeological, historical, cultural, rare scientific, and religious importance illegally removed from the Iraq National Museum, the National Library, and other locations in Iraq since the adoption of resolution 661 (1990) of 6 August 1990. Measures should include establishing a prohibition on trade in or transfer of such items and items with respect to which reasonable suspicion exists that they have been illegally removed.
UN Security Council resolution 2199 (2015)
UN Security Council resolution 2199 (2015) “condemns the destruction of cultural heritage in Iraq and Syria”, and “decides that all Member States shall take appropriate steps to prevent the trade in Iraqi and Syrian cultural property and other items of archaeological, historical, cultural, rare scientific, and religious importance illegally removed from Iraq since 6 August 1990 and from Syria since 15 March 2011, including by prohibiting cross-border trade in such items, thereby allowing for their eventual safe return to the Iraqi and Syrian people”. If it is known or there is reason to suspect the artefacts in question were illegally exported during the recent conflicts (since 6 August 1990 in relation to Iraq, and since 15 March 2011 for Syria), States are required to prohibit the import, export or trade of cultural property form these countries. `
UN Security Council resolution 2253 (2015)
UN Security Council resolution 2253 (2015) condemns “the destruction of cultural heritage in Iraq and Syria particularly by ISIL and ANF, including targeted destruction of religious sites and objects” and develops a number of sanctions designed to prevent terrorism by limiting the financing of terrorist groups, including by preventing trade in cultural property.
UN Security Council resolution 2347 (2017)
UN Security Council resolution 2347 (2017) condemns the unlawful destruction of cultural heritage, including the destruction of religious sites and artefacts, and the looting and smuggling of cultural property from archaeological sites, museums, libraries, archives, and other sites, notably by terrorist groups. It encourages Member States to propose listings of ISIL (Da’esh), Al-Qaida and associated individuals, groups, undertakings and entities involved in the illicit trade in cultural property to be considered by the 1267/1989/2253 ISIL (Da’esh) and Al-Qaida Sanctions Committee; it urges Member States to develop broad law enforcement and judicial cooperation in preventing and countering trafficking in cultural property and calls upon Member States to consider adopting a number of measures specified in the resolution; it requests the Analytical Support and Sanctions Monitoring Team to continue within its existing mandate, to provide the Committee with relevant information regarding the illicit trade of cultural property.
In January 2019, the Chair of the UN Security Council Committee wrote a letter to the President of the Security Council, which included a review of the Member States’ implementation of the measures in the Resolution. (Read more in the News article).
UN Security Council resolution 2368 (2017)
UN Security Council resolution 2368 (2017) deals with terrorism and terrorism financing. It condemns “the destruction of cultural heritage in Iraq and Syria particularly by ISIL and ANF, including targeted destruction of religious sites and objects; and recalling its decision that all Member States shall take appropriate steps to prevent the trade in Iraqi and Syrian cultural property and other items of archaeological, historical, cultural, rare scientific, and religious importance illegally removed from Iraq since 6 August 1990 and from Syria since 15 March 2011, including by prohibiting cross-border trade in such items, thereby allowing for their eventual safe return to the Iraqi and Syrian people”. It calls upon Member States to consider adopting a number of measures specified in the resolution, extends the remit of the Monitoring Team until December 2019, and notes that the illicit trafficking of cultural property is part of their remit.
Return to the Blue Shield Overview of Treaty Law
